Methylamine (CAS#74-89-5)
Ihe ize ndụ na Nchekwa
| Koodu ihe egwu | R12 - Na-agba ọkụ nke ukwuu R20 - na-emerụ ahụ site na iku ume R37 / 38 - na-akpasu iwe na usoro iku ume na akpụkpọ ahụ. R41 - Ihe ize ndụ nke mmebi anya dị njọ R34 - na-akpata ọkụ R20/22 - na-emerụ ahụ site na iku ume ma ọ bụrụ na iloro ya. R11 - Na-agba ọkụ nke ukwuu R39/23/24/25 - R36 / 37/38 - na-akpasu iwe na anya, usoro iku ume na akpụkpọ ahụ. R23/24/25 - Na-egbu egbu site na iku ume, na kọntaktị na akpụkpọ ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na iloro ya. R40 - Ihe akaebe dị oke nke mmetụta carcinogenic R19 - nwere ike ịmepụta peroxides mgbawa |
| Nkọwapụta nchekwa | S7 - Debe akpa ahụ nke ọma. S16 - Wepụ ya na isi mmalite nke mgbanye. S26 - N'ihe banyere kọntaktị na anya, kpochaa ozugbo na ọtụtụ mmiri ma chọọ ndụmọdụ ahụike. S36/37 - Yiri uwe nchebe kwesịrị ekwesị na uwe aka. S45 - Ọ bụrụ na ihe mberede ma ọ bụ ọ bụrụ na ahụ adịghị gị mma, chọọ ndụmọdụ ahụike ozugbo (gosi akara ahụ mgbe ọ bụla enwere ike.) S29 - Awụsala n'ime mmiri mmiri. S36 / 37/39 - Yiri uwe nchebe kwesịrị ekwesị, uwe aka na nchebe anya / ihu. S3/7 - S3 - Debe n'ebe dị jụụ. S39 - Yiri anya / nchedo ihu. S33 – Kpachara anya megide mwepu kwụ ọtọ. |
| NJ UN | UN 3286 3/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany | 2 |
| RTECS | PF630000 |
| Koodu FLUKA BRAND F | 4.5-31 |
| TSCA | Ee |
| Koodu HS | 29211100 |
| Klas Hazard | 3 |
| Otu nkwakọ ngwaahịa | II |
| Nsi | LD50 ọnụ na oke: 100-200 mg / kg (Kinney); LC50 n'ime oke: 0.448 ml/l (Sarkar, Sastry) |
Ozi
| organic chemical akụrụngwa | methylamine, makwaara dị ka methylamine na aminomethane, bụ ihe dị mkpa organic kemịkalụ akụrụngwa na intermediates, na ụlọ okpomọkụ na ikuku mgbali maka flammable colorless gas, elu itinye uche ma ọ bụ mkpakọ liquefaction, na ike amonia isi. Azụ isi na oke dị ala. Soluble na mmiri, soluble na ethanol, ether. Ọ dị mfe ọkụ, mepụta ngwakọta ihe mgbawa na ikuku, oke mgbawa: 4.3% ~ 21%. Enwere alkaline na-adịghị ike, alkaline karịa amonia, na inorganic acid iji mepụta nnu na-agbaze mmiri. A na-eme ya site na methanol na amonia n'okpuru mmetụta nke okpomọkụ dị elu na nrụgide dị elu na catalyst, ma nwee ike ịkwado ya site na kpo oku formaldehyde na ammonium chloride ruo 300 ℃ n'okpuru ọrụ nke zinc chloride. Enwere ike iji Methylamine na-emepụta ọgwụ pesticides, ọgwụ ọgwụ, rọba vulcanization accelerators, e ji esiji ákwà, ihe mgbawa, akpụkpọ anụ, mmanụ ala, surfactants, ion mgbanwe resins, agba mpempe akwụkwọ, mkpuchi na ihe mgbakwunye. Ọ bụ akụrụngwa dị mkpa maka imepụta pesticide Dimethoate, carbaryl na chlordimeform. Methylamine inhalation toxicity bụ klaasị toxicity dị ala, ntinye kacha mma na ikuku 5mg/m3 (0.4ppm). Na-emebi emebi, na-akpasu iwe na anya, akpụkpọ anụ na akpụkpọ anụ mucous. Ọ bụrụ na ọkụ na-emeghe, e nwere ihe ize ndụ nke ọkụ ọkụ na-akpata site na nnukwu okpomọkụ, na mmebi nke cylinders na ngwa ga-eme ka mgbawa. |
| Enyemaka mbụ maka nsị | methylamine bụ klaasị na-egbu egbu nke nwere mgbakasị ahụ siri ike na corrosivity. Na usoro mmepụta na n'oge njem, n'ihi nkwụsị nke mberede, ga-eme ka kọntaktị nke nnukwu nsị. Ngwaahịa a nwere ike iku ume site na traktị iku ume, ngwọta nwere ike ịbanye na akpụkpọ ahụ, na nnu nwere ike imebi ya site na nsị na mberede. Ngwaahịa a nwere mmetụta na-akpali akpali siri ike na anya, akụkụ okuku ume elu, akpụkpọ ahụ na mucosa. Ikuku ume dị elu nwere ike imebi ngụgụ. Ọnọdụ siri ike nwere ike ịkpata edema akpa ume, ọrịa nhụsianya iku ume na ọnwụ. Otú ọ dị, ọ dịghị ihe ọ bụla gbasara nsi sistemu a akọpụtala n'ụlọ na ná mba ọzọ. Ogige methylamine mmiri mmiri nwere mgbakasị ahụ siri ike na corrosion, nwere ike ime ka anya na kemịkalụ akpụkpọ anụ ọkụ. 40% methylamine aqueous ngwọta nwere ike ime ka anya ọkụ mgbu, photophobia, anya mmiri, Conjunctival Congestion, nkuchianaya mbufụt, corneal edema na elu ọnya, mgbaàmà nwere ike ịdịru maka 1 ka 2 izu. Ogologo oge ikpughe na mkpokọta methylamine dị ala, nwere ike inwe mmetụta anya nkụ, imi, akpịrị na ahụ erughị ala. [usoro enyemaka mbụ] mgbe akpụkpọ ahụ na-akpakọrịta, wepụ uwe ndị ahụ merụrụ ahụ ozugbo wee kpochaa nke ọma na nnukwu mmiri na-asọ asọ, 0,5% citric acid na-ehichapụ akpụkpọ ahụ, akpụkpọ anụ mucous na gargles. mgbe anya na-emerụ emerụ, a ga-ebuli nkuchi anya, kpochaa ya na mmiri na-agba agba ma ọ bụ saline maka opekata mpe nkeji iri na ise, wee nyochaa ya site na ntụpọ fluorescein. Ọ bụrụ na enwere mmerụ ahụ nke anụ ahụ, a ga-akpọtụrụ onye na-ahụ maka anya. maka ndị na-ekuru gas monomethylamine, ha kwesịrị ịhapụ ebe ahụ ngwa ngwa ma gaa n'ebe nwere ikuku dị mma iji mee ka traktị iku ume ghara igbochi ya. Dyspnea nke ndị ọrịa kwesịrị inye ikuku oxygen, mgbe ọgwụgwọ gasịrị, a na-eziga onye ọrịa ahụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ maka ọgwụgwọ mberede. |
| ebumnuche | A na-eji dị ka ihe bụ isi organic akụrụngwa maka pesticide, ọgwụ, textiles na ndị ọzọ ọrụ, na-ejikwa na mmiri gel mgbawa. eji dị ka ihe mgbaze na refrigerant eji dị ka isi organic chemical akụrụngwa, nke a na-ejikwa na pesticide, ọgwụ, textile na ndị ọzọ ọrụ. eji dị ka surfactant, polymerization inhibitors na ihe mgbaze, na-ejikwa na organic njikọ na ibipụta na dyeing ụlọ ọrụ. maka njikọ nke ezigbo pesticides, pharmaceuticals, e ji esiji, ngwa nri, wdg, na maka electrolysis, electroplating monomethylamine bụ ihe dị mkpa aliphatic amine organic chemical raw material, nke a na-ejikarị na mmepụta nke pesticides, na ike ga-eji na synthesize N- methyl chloroacetamide, nke bụ etiti nke organophosphorus ụmụ ahụhụ dimethoate na omethoate; monocrotophos etiti α-chloroacetylethanamine; Carbamoyl chloride na methyl isocyanate dị ka etiti nke carbamate ụmụ ahụhụ; Yana ụdị ọgwụ ndị ọzọ dị ka monoformamidine, Amitraz, benzenesulfonon, wdg. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, a na-ejikwa ya na nkà mmụta ọgwụ, roba, akwa ákwà, ụlọ ọrụ akpụkpọ anụ na ihe ndị na-ese foto. Methylamine nwere ọtụtụ ngwa ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe. Enwere ike iji Methylamine mee ihe dị ka ọgwụ (mmelite, caffeine, ephedrine, wdg), pesticide (carbaryl, dimethoate, chloramidine, wdg), agba (alizarin intermediate, anthraquinone intermediate, wdg), ihe mgbawa na mmanụ ọkụ (mgbawa mmiri gel, monomethhydrazine). , wdg), surfactants, accelerators, na akụrụngwa dị ka roba ihe enyemaka, kemịkalụ foto na ihe mgbaze. Otu etiti maka mmepụta nke agrochemicals na ọgwụ maka mmepụta N-methylpyrrolidone (ihe mgbaze). |
| usoro mmepụta | N'ime ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, a na-emepụta methylamine site na methanol na amonia na okpomọkụ dị elu site na onye ntụgharị nke a na-eji ihe na-eme ka alumina rụọ ọrụ, Otú ọ dị, mmeghachi omume methylation anaghị akwụsị na monomethylamine, si otú a na-ebute ngwakọta nke monomethylamine, dimethylamine na trimethylamine. Jikwaa oke nke methanol na amonia, ngafe amonia, ma gbakwunye mmiri na mgbasa nke trimethylamine na-enyere aka guzobe methylamine na dimethylamine, mgbe ọnụọgụ amonia bụ oge 2.5 nke methanol, mmeghachi omume okpomọkụ bụ 425 deg C, mgbe mmeghachi omume ahụ. nrụgide bụ 2.45MPa, amine agwakọta nke 10-12% nke monomethylamine, 8-9% nke dimethylamine. na 11-13% nke trimethylamine nwere ike nweta. Ebe ọ bụ na trimethylamine na-etolite azeotrope na amonia na methylamines ndị ọzọ na nrụgide ikuku, a na-ekewa ngwaahịa mmeghachi omume site na nchikota nke nrụgide nrụgide na nkwụsị nke mmepụta ihe. Dabere na mmepụta nke 1t agwakọta methylamine, 1500kg methanol na 500kg nke mmiri mmiri amonia na-eri. Dị ka akwụkwọ akụkọ dị mkpa si kwuo, ịgbanwe nha nke methanol na amonia bụ ụzọ dị irè iji nweta ngwaahịa a chọrọ, methanol na amonia ruru 1: 1.5 bụ ọnọdụ kachasị mma maka nhazi nke trimethylamine, methanol na amonia nke 1: 4. ọnọdụ kachasị mma maka ịmepụta methylamine. Enwere ọtụtụ ụzọ mmepụta nke monomethylamine, mana a na-ejikarị methanol eme ihe na ụlọ ọrụ. CH3OH + NH3 → CH3NH2 + H2O2CH3OH + NH3 → (CH3) 2NH + 2H2O3CH3OH + NH3 → (CH3) 3N + 3H2O sitere na methanol na amonia na nha nke 1: 1.5 ~ 4, n'okpuru nnukwu okpomọkụ na-aga n'ihu na nrụgide dị elu, na-aga n'ihu na gas na-aga n'ihu. A na-eme mmeghachi omume catalytic amination site na iji arụ ọrụ alumina dị ka a catalyst, The mbuaha crude ngwaahịa nke mono-, di-na trimethylamine na-eme, na mgbe ahụ, kewapụrụ site na-aga n'ihu nrụgide distillation site a usoro nke distillation ogidi, condensed na deammoniated na dehydrated iji nweta mono-, di-na trimethylamine ngwaahịa karị. . |
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